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题库 / OG2016-SC-48
Digging in sediments in northern China, evidence has been gathered by scientists suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than they had previously thought.
evidence has been gathered by scientists suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than they had
evidence gathered by scientists suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than had been
scientists have gathered evidence suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than
scientists have gathered evidence that suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than that which was
scientists have gathered evidence which suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than that
题目分析：
题目的开头是一个现在分词短语（Digging in sediments in northern China），句首出现的现在分词短语肯定是伴随状语。
选项分析：
A选项：伴随状语中的现在分词的主语在语法上和其修饰的句子的主语相同，在本选项中，其主语为evidence。但是，在逻辑上，能挖出沉淀物的只能是“人”，而不能是“证据”。比较对象不对等。本选项than后面用了过去完成时，而过去完成时表达的是在某个过去时的过去，即，emerged的过去。但显然地，“科学家认为”这个事件不可能发生在emerge这个动作之前。
B选项：Digging的主语错误同(A)；本选项中suggest的宾语是一个名词短语（a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms），这是不正确的，suggest（表明）身后通常只能跟宾语从句。这点考查了“名词和从句的区别”。用之于本题，即：
evidence gathered by scientists suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms
是不正确的。这是因为，证据表明的事情，通常是一个事实，而虽然“出现（emerge）”这个动作有终点，但是这个事实是一直存在的，即，事实不具有时间的概念，自然没有时间终止点。只能用宾语从句。
另外，比较对象错误同(A)。
C选项：Correct. 本选项在逻辑和语法上均是正确的。
D选项：suggest的宾语是一个名词短语（a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms）错误同(B)；比较对象不对等。that是代词，指代对象仅能是一个名词，而本题真正对比的应该是两种情况（真实情况vs科学家以前认为的情况）。
E选项：本选项错误同(D)。
suggest通常后面接句子而不是接名词 这里表示的是同一事物两个不同时间对比 而非不同两个事物
C：much earlier than (what was) previously thought. D：多了一个which；E：少了一个was！
suggest 是不是形容 scientist？
不
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本选项中suggest的宾语是一个名词短语（a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms），这是不正确的，suggest（表明）身后通常只能跟宾语从句。比较对象不对等；that是代词，指代对象仅能是一个名词，而本题真正对比的应该是两种情况（真实情况vs科学家以前认为的情况）。
relative jugements:
BDE：“a much earlier emergence of” VS “emerged much earlier”
D： “that which”
c和 e的区别是 关键是 than 线外 thought 注意比较平行给了提示，应该是一件事有动词 比一个名词更好。
Digging in sediments in northern China做状语，主语应该是能执行digging的人，所以CDE选项合适
C选项：emerge 引出两个平行结构；
D选项： that which有问题，redundant and incorrect
E选项：suggest引导that 从句，不能名词短语
Australian embryologists have found evidence to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.本题也用evidence to suggest that是不是也对？
D.指代还原scientists have gathered evidence that suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than emergency (which was thought). ——a much earlier emergency than emergency比较对象为两种emergency，比起过去被认为的（谁认为的不知道）一种emergency，科学家收集的证据表明了一种更早的emergency，两个不同的emergency逻辑意思错误。合理的句意：科学家们收集的证据表明，复杂生命形态的出现远远早于过去所认为的情况。
E.than emergency previously thought，thought主语本该是scientists才对。
suggest只能跟宾语从句
老师，几个选项中比较的错误，能不能详细讲解一下？还原一下省略的情况的内容，按照上课将的方法，观察more的修饰对象，然后确定比较对象，在这样的题目里面貌似不适用啊？这个能否详细讲一下呢？谢谢！
DE中的than后面加that是不是意思就变成了科学家收集了能显示复杂生命体出现的更早的证据比起之前科学家所认为的证据？
The GMAT always uses "that" for restrictive/vital modifiers, and always uses "which" for non-restrictive/non-vital modifiers. Thus, the "which" is wrong here: that's one problem with (E).
mark：AB两项由于主语与前面状语的主语不一致，时态不能是过去完成时，被排除；同时suggest后面只能接宾语从句；(1) ... emerged earlier than previously thought. (2) ... emerged earlier than that which was previously thought.(3) ... emerged earlier than that previously thought.
All three of those are 100% grammatically correct. Saying anything with more words than needed is always wrong on the GMAT SC.
Both (D) and (E) use the noun "emergence" over the verb "emerge"。
C emerged动词优于名词emergence
还原后scientists have gathered evidence suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than (did complex life-forms)previously thought.
D that which 错误 应用what
E which非限制性定语从句要加逗号
我的方法是AB排除因为逻辑主语应该是人来挖，DE排除是应为我觉得比较的对象是复杂生命体出现的时间进行比较，而不是emergence进行比较
记住：that是代词，指代对象仅能是一个名词，而本题真正对比的应该是两种情况（真实情况vs科学家以前认为的情况）
BD项，suggest的宾语是一个名词短语，这是不正确的，suggest（表明）身后通常只能跟宾语从句。
DE项，比较对象不对等。that是代词，指代对象仅能是一个名词，而本题真正对比的应该是两种情况（真实情况vs科学家以前认为的情况）
错选D
比较对象：真实情况和科学家以为的情况
a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms和previous thought
请问That为什么不是指代evidence呢？
就是指代的evidence 但是对比的是两种情况 就是证据的具体内容和过去科学家们认为的情况 而不是evidence这个词
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