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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-8
The Achaemenid empire of Persia reached the Indus Valley in the fifth century B.C., bringing the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and southern Indian alphabets.
the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and
the Aramaic script with it, and from which deriving both the northern and the
with it the Aramaic script, from which derive both the northern and the
with it the Aramaic script, from which derives both northern and
with it the Aramaic script, and deriving from it both the northern and
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1)bring A with B 和bring with B A表达的意思相同
2)在倒装结构中,谓语动词的数的形式由谓语动词后的主语的形式决定。如:out of sth. grows a market for...(由a market决定谓语动词grows).
(A) from which 的which指代it即The Achaemenid empire ，而从逻辑意思上,which应该指代script. 根据倒装结构的要求,was应该用were
(B) and错误的将bringing和deriving并列起来,使得deriving后面的结构也成为了主句的伴随状语,而逻辑上both the northern and the southern Indian alphabets是从script derive来的.因此导致逻辑意思错误.
(C) 正确，后半部分是倒装，应该是both the northern and the southern India alphabets derive from the Aramaic script
(D) derives应该改为用复数形式
(E) 犯了同B选项相同的逻辑错误
句子结构: The Achaemenid empire of Persia reached…, bringing with it the…
主谓一致性
速解：主句主语empire，划线部分的it是指代empire，所以划线后面from which 的which就不太可能还是empire了，连用两个分句都修饰empire, （bringing 是 empire brings) 就应该用并列句加个连词。因此 from which 的 which是另一个紧贴前面的名词，可纵向比较得出是script. ABE排除。因此，from which 就是一个状语成分了，谓语动词是derive，主语没出现，因此必然是后面的both... and... 读不出倒装句，也得要老老实实分析句子成分，少主语就得补主语，因为这句的作用是定语从句修饰the script，如果在这句中主语要拉上前一个主句的empire，必须拿个代词什么的填坑，可是没有看到，因此主语就是后面的both and 都both and了那必然是复数。选C.
D. with it the Aramaic script, from which derives both northern and - reverse the second half of this clause, it becomes "both northern and southern india alphabets" WERE (plural verb) derived. So coming back to the original sentence, "derives" which is singular is incorrect verb tense form.
*"from which..." was not derived from the "empire",. It was derived from the "script". So we need "script, from which" construction.
*Now, there are 2 things that the "empire" did - it "reached" and "deriving". This is incorrect, as the "script" did the "deriving" part.
To understand how this works, take a simple example in which the subject comes first: "English and French both derive from Latin, which Dave studied in high school." It's easy enough to see that "English and French" is the subject and "derive" is the verb.
However, I could also have written the sentence as, "In high school, Dave studied Latin, from which derive both English and French." Sounds a little weird, but "English and French" is still the subject, it just happens to come after the verb. The sentence still has the same meaning, and the subject "English and French" still does the action in the sentence ("derive from Latin"). All we did was switch the order around a bit.
Same issue in (C). If the question writer had wanted to make life easy for you, she could have written, "Both the northern and the southern India alphabet derive from the Aramaic script," in which case it would be easy to see that "the northern and the southern India alphabet" serves as the subject. Instead, we have "...the Aramaic script from which derive both the northern and the southern India alphabets." Again, "the northern and the southern India alphabets" is the subject, but this time it follows the verb, so it's tougher to recognize.
B，不平行
E，平行，但是伴随的主语不对
C、D是为了先行词做的倒装，主语是alphabets，排除D
c correct
2、derive不用被动，表产生，杀A
3、with it the Aramaic script更好，修饰成分与被修饰成分更近
4、倒装结构：两个alphabets derive from，主谓一致复数
B. and from which前面没有并列对象。
C. 正确。Both the northern and the southern derive from the Aramaic script。
D. 错误同A
E. 错误同B。
and后无主句，from which定语从句后不接伴随状语
倒装结构
script, from which derive both the northern and the southern Indian alphabets
both... derive from script
2) 倒装句动词形式由实际的主语决定，排除A+D
3) 代词it指代empire，不符合逻辑，排除E.
(D) derives 应该改为用复数形式
2)在倒装结构中,谓语动词的数的形式由谓语动词后的主语的形式决定。
3）介宾引导的定语从句翻译方法：替换+带入+在一起
derive 單數or複數？尋找主語---> "both the northern and the southern Indian alphabets"，複數。
因此 derive是复数
BE.❌不是并列关系