B are subjected to; as + n 作为的语义
C as错

注意题中有提示being China's first administrators；their empire所以要用复数

在逻辑上，限制传播的是复数名词fierce intercolony struggles，而不是单数名词kind。 kind是种类的意思，种类不会限制传播。

A 试图通过一个变化对当前成员的影响 来推断对潜在成员的影响。当前的菜鸡们没能力做讲座，不代表最优秀的候选人不做讲座。
E 假定对大部分成员有益的变化将对所有成员都有益。P并没有对有益的涨工资部分进行反驳，而是对有害的禁令进行了反驳，所以不对。

在动物园会感染的员工会转业，那么留下来的都是不太容易感染的了，不容易被感染的人的可能有30%，那么动物园外的普通人感染概率就高了

D if recognized and applied, students 句中主语是学生 语义是如果被学生被认知和使用 不符合逻辑。注意看啊！因为if后面是一个完整的句子和前面句子的主语是不一样的不能公用下来！！

D平行不正确

After the islands separated, the isolated lizard populations would have become distinct species while also retaining their ancestors' niche adaptations.

我理解B是省略，但不省略的话，应该是什么呢？a greater proportion than that was？

D 取非之后说的是 会惩罚第一次没有做好（导致 later had to be reworked）的工人。如果是这样的话，工人应该第一次就更加认真做（应该不想被罚款），那么第一次的满意度更好才对！但是这样想就质疑前提了，因为文章结论的Premise是“When initial repairs are inadequate”。总的来说D 和我们想要削弱这个原因（工作复杂需要二次返工）没关系。

A选项师生比例高是削弱，且A选项用过去的信息未必能类比到将来

错因：读B选项读的太快了，没有get到B选项正确的意思

认真审题！错因：题目问的是resource-based theory 的proponents，而不是第一段中的Proponents of IT。

a is correct because it's the only choice combining proper parallelism with correct grammar. the cause is not so much that x as that y.
b: previous poster is correct about 'their', but a much more obvious problem is bad parallelism. the cause is not so much their x as that y.
c: lots of things
- 'it is not so much the cause...' seems to say that the phenomenon mentioned doesn't really cause the mentioned effect
- you don't use 'much' twice; the proper construction is 'not so much ... as'
d: mostly the same things that are wrong with c, plus even more (go ahead and reply if you don't see anything wrong with d)
e: a couple of things
- as in choice c, 'it is not so much the cause of genetic irregularities' seems to say that the phenomenon mentioned isn't the cause of the given effect
- 'breeds of dog to be bred for looks' seems to imply dogs meant to be bred for looks (analogy: on the table are the five packages to be shipped)

it's one of the worst official problems i've seen ... but we have to learn from it

(a)
* poor parallelism. (a correct gmat choice would almost always include much closer parallelism, such as ...they do blah blah blah, like exercise, and they do blah blah blah, like morphine)
* can't use 'these' as a standalone pronoun. (this/that/these/those are only acceptable as adjectives - these people, that hypothesis, etc. - or as part of parallel constructions - the symphonies of beethoven vs. those of bach, etc.)

(b)
faulty comparison (a pain-relieving effect is compared directly to morphine, rather than to the pain-relieving effect of morphine as obviously intended)

比较对象是speeds；
B时态错，要用将来时与than后面的现在时区分；且用定语从句修饰speed没有E选项简洁

B中，即使现存的不是small volume，比如与去年相同，仍能得到结论，所以这里构不成assumption。即否定之后并不能完全否定结论。

first, examine the split between 'more ergonomic' and just 'ergonomic'. in this case, we must preserve the meaning of the original statement: the new design is more ergonomic than the old design. if we change this to just 'ergonomic', we're attaching an implication that the old design simply wasn't ergonomic (and that the new design, by contrast, is) - an unacceptable implication. that gets rid of answer choices c, d, and e right there.

another item to examine is parallelism. in this case, in the construction 'X rather than Y' (or its analogues, 'X and not Y' and 'more X than Y'), items X and Y must be parallel.
choice a: conforming... rather than flaunting... <-- good parallelism!
choice b: to the body's shape and not to flaunting shape <-- logically nonparallel and also awkward
choice c: can't use 'more' together with 'and not to' (these are exclusive constructions, sort of like 'both' and 'as well as': if you use one, then you can't use the other), so we don't need to consider the parallelism in the first place.
choice d: can't use 'more' together with 'rather than'; also, bad parallelism between to the body's shape and shape flaunted...
choice e: more to the shape... than flaunting... <-- nonparallel

in fact, the winning choice (a) is the ONLY choice that properly compares 'conforming' and 'flaunting' in parallel. all of the other constructions also change the meaning of the sentence via their alterations of the words.

choice e：Let's compare C to the correct answer D.

C. come from antioxidants"”compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and
D. come from antioxidants"”compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C and that

Since the word "and" is a parallel marker, we must check parallelism. Notice how D is parallel after the dash:
compounds that are . . . . and that inhibit
We have nice verb parallelism here.

C breaks this parallelism by joining a noun and a verb:
compounds . . . and inhibit

Choice e：
yes, something is indeed wrong.

at best, 'they' is an ambiguous pronoun that potentially refers either to 'antioxidants'/'compounds' or to 'health benefits'. at worst it refers to 'health benefits', the subject of the preceding sentence, by default. either way, you've got problems.

the other problem is that a single dash of the sort that sets off the descriptor in this problem is akin to a single comma: both set off an appositive phrase, which is NOT allowed to contain independent clauses (such as the one beginning with 'they' in choice e). choice d follows the rules here, as, after the dash, it contains only subordinate clauses.

if you use a single dash, then the stuff that is set off by the dash must actually continue all the way to the end of the sentence. if you are going to block off a modifier with dashes, then you must use two dashes to block off the modifier.

i.e., there is no such thing as a modifier that is blocked off by a dash on the left, but by a comma on the right. if you have a modifier that does not extend to the end of the sentence, then you must use either two dashes or two commas to set it off.