if it's not a specific NOUN that can be replaced by a PRONOUN (usually "it"), then use the all-purpose replacement "...so".
perhaps the most common usage in which you'll see this is "do it" vs. "do so":

比较的是women，不同的women
A 比较对象不同，即使比较省略的they，由于they代指前面的women，错
B they代指前面的women，错
D 就近修饰satisfaction错
E which错、they错

such judgment 指直觉judgment. the B answer provides an evidence on this. The E answer mentioned the past experience of the leader which was not indicated in the passage. not all national leader has good experience. so I am some doubt on E answer. 读过一个文章，说逻辑题不能按常识思维或中式思维，如果过去的经验没有明确指出，在这里是否不应该考虑此项。

我想问下c里 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted in the 2000 United States presidential election, 应该是 a new study estimates的宾语从句吧，这样他主语就还是study，然后发出cite的也是他。还是说这样不如b明确

求解答~和OG18，690题中的B选项“ having their ability to survive”，为什么690中的their赘余要去掉，这里去掉就不可以了呢~~
两个选项有什么区别呀？

b:contrast the traditional view of the development of the vertebrate skeleton with a view derived from the 1981 discovery of conodont remains 第一，a view derived from the 1981 discovery of conodont remains 错，这个观点一直存在，只是后面1981这发现加强了他，所以不是 derived from ，第二：这一段根本没有提到 1981 discovery 这个东东，出现在第三段。。。

D: 超市从store brand获得的利润多，没有理由再去从让name-brand的销量高

C and前后两动词不平行，且不应该有逗号
-- Is this choice incorrect because "As in the case of any star" incorrectly modifies modifies hydrogen instead of the Sun?
--nope. prepositional phrases are marvelously flexible in what they can modify, and "in the case" is one of the most marvelously flexible of all prepositional phrases. in fact, the whole existence of "the case of..." is based on the fact that those words can refer to pretty much anything in a sentence

A.like 接名词不接句子；
B star 与 hydrogen 比较对象不对等；it 错误地指代 hydrogen，应该指代 Sun，但在该选项中 Sun 是以所有格形式出现的，it 无法指向所有格形式的 Sun；被动语态的表达不如主动语态更清楚。

deny inmates the access. 后面定从修饰access, deny sb sth 看了好几遍，只能这么理解了吧

那么大个except！！！

--Is it because B is essentially saying that "In crowd A, crowd A consume nutrients insufficiently and have...."??, thus redundant.
--yes. in fact, it's much worse than redundancy; it actually creates the nonsense meaning that people are somehow inside themselves while consuming nutrients.
A. or 前后不平行
C.or 前后不平行
D.that从句缺谓语

B 不定式做主语错 应改为动名词做主语

"with the intention of" 与 “intended"的区别
"With the intention of" can only describe people and/or other entities that can legitimately have "intentions" (corporations, governments, etc.) unless in some contexts, geographical names are used to refer to governments, which can have intentions.

being表同时性，having表先时性

more effective???in bloking??那不就是比二氧化碳更阻止地球散热吗？ 这句话到底怎么理解？

A c 比较对象是对的，因为省略，补充之后变成than they were a year ago

有了低收入的工作才有机会去找高收入的工作----工作前景
E无关，结论是no financial incentive，而不是兴趣激励

in English, we say that one gives/shows support for something. That's natural and idiomatic. To say, "I give my support to something" sounds less natural, more like the kind of mistake someone learning English might make. ——Mike McGarry

whose可以修饰物