B. if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, it may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion. It应该指代的是substitution这个过程，那么代入从句就变成了if substitution is substituted for more traditional fertilizers.明显不对
C. if used as substitutions for…, 这意味了肥料它们本身是substitutions，that doesn’t make sense; substitution通常是用一个事物取代另一个事物的过程，并不是一个事物本身。E.g. Correct: I exchanged my rental car for a truck. Incorrect: This truck was an exchange for my rental car.
D. while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, 主语变成了this substitution，明显不对. While的使用也不对，因为没有对比，应该是并列用and连接
E. while使用问题同D。

like不能用来举例

化肥（化肥是无辜的）本身是不会造成环境恶化，或造成土壤退化加速的，只有人【加速使用】化肥或者人【替代】传统肥料为化肥这两件事，才会导致环境恶化。类似的有一道og的题目，说fossil fuel 或 human 或 human's burning fossil fuel 这三者谁会造成空气质量变差----选最后一个。

错选C，they指代fertilizer，但是逻辑上，造成导致环境恶化的不是“化肥”，而是“人【加速使用】化肥”或者“人【替代】传统肥料为化肥”这两件事！！此外，C选项and不平行。

B选项的it只能指代一个单数，前面合理的单数是use，再带入到if substituted for...,就变成了if the use of synthetic fertilizers is substitued for for more traditional fertilizers， 这是错误的。 synthetic fertilizers才能被取代成traditional fertilizers， the use 不能被取代，所以B错。

like作举例，排除BE
C，they指代不当，造成严重环境问题的不应该是化肥，而是加速使用化肥这一行为
D，while if substituted 的主语是substitution，这会很混乱；此外while在这里的转折也是无必要的
A correct

A增加造成问题，并且替代加速破坏
B it无正确的指代对象
C 肥料造成问题，并且肥料加速破坏，if used as substitutions for more traditional fertilizers, they may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion. They指代fertilizers used as substitutions这意味着肥料是替代
D 使用造成问题，当替代加速破话的时候；用量造成问题，尽管替代加速破坏。句意不合逻辑
而且if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion. 是一句话, substituted的主语是this substitution, 不合逻辑
E 同D

在GMAT里面，like不能用于列举，杀掉BE；
A没什么问题先保留；
C, they指的是these fertilizers，逻辑错误，应该是 他们的 increase 才create serious environmental problems；
D, the increased usage 和后面的if substituted不对应，错误；

like不能用于举例子，杀BE
D、while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution的表达实在是太redundancy了，而且while if substituted 的动作发出者应该是 fertilizers，而不是usage
C、篡改句意，substitutions 指的是traditional的

摘自曼哈顿论坛： A bit of a red herring - you could technically construct the sentence correctly either way. I'd prefer the "an increase in their use" however because that emphasizes the distinction I'm trying to make - the key point is the increase, and this is emphasized by making "the increase" the subject. But I'd go look for other, more definitive grammar errors first before deciding on this.

Luci correctly points out a distinction between "such as" and "like" in the answers. Such as means "for example" - like means "similar to." (In everyday spoken language, people use "like" as the default now - but that's grammatically incorrect.) Eliminate B and E. (B also has a pronoun error - "it" refers to a plural noun.)

C messes up the contrast I want to make by starting with "if these fertilizers." Also generally kind of awkward / wordy, but only use that as a tiebreak.

The problem with D lies at the end of the choice: "while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution..." Notice the first part of that, before the comma - it never actually mentions what is being substituted, either via a noun or pronoun. This is a modifying clause. The modifier is meant to modify "synthetic fertilizers" which is a noun, so this is a noun modifier - and noun modifiers must touch the noun they modify. But "this substitution" follows the comma, not "synthetic fertilizers" (or some other noun or pronoun that refers to synthetic fertilizers). No good. Eliminate D.

Which leaves us with A. Notice that A doesn't sound particularly good. But there's nothing grammatically wrong with it... It's not uncommon for A to sound not-so-good when it is the right answer - otherwise, how would they get someone to cross off A when it's right, especially on a hard question?

D E: usage can create problems. X
C: fertilizer can create problems. X
B: if (it is) substituted for..., it may ...， 这里it不对，应该是复数指代synthetic fertilizers.

错选C，they指代fertilizer，但是逻辑上，造成导致环境恶化的不是“化肥”，而是“人【加速使用】化肥”或者“人【替代】传统肥料为化肥”这两件事！！此外，C选项and不平行。

C 中的They 表示：化肥导致问题

为什么评论里面一堆说like不能用来举例的，老师上课不是都说了like和such as用法没有太大区别么，根本就不能通过这个排除选项吧

D: if you precede a clause with an initial modifier that doesn't have a subject, then the noun IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE COMMA is automatically assigned as the subject of that modifier.
in this choice, you're saying, weirdly enough, that 'this substitution' is 'substituted' for more traditional fertilizers.
把握核心词，C中they 指代the use of sythetic fertilizers， 但原句想要表达的不是化肥的使用会 造成不好的影响，而是加速使用（an increase)会带来问题！

like不可以用来举例 排除BE
D 错误 if省略了主语，逻辑主语应该是this substitution 不合理
C 错误 化肥本身不会导致环境问题，只有化肥使用量增加才会

C -The second 'they' is confusing. (fertilizers/substitutions/traditional fertilizers ?)

感谢由 by 对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。
　 原文意思： 使用化肥极大地扩大了农业产量， 化肥的使用也会导致环境污染并且化肥的使用也会加速土壤的恶化。
　　题目分析： 原文有一个并列关系，就是化肥的使用会导致 A 和 B 两种结果，A 选项 and 前后写的比较对应，留着。B 选项 and 后面跟 if substituted，和前面无法对应，干掉。C 选项 and 后面也用 if 和前面不对应，干掉。D 后面用 if substituted 和前面不对应，杀。E while 后面用their substitution 前面用 increase usage， 如果这么写就是 usage 和后面的 substitution对应了，我强调的意思是化肥使用的增加和化肥代替传统饲料，是 increase 和后面的substitution 形成对应，E 虽然语法写的比较对应，但是对应的地方错了，杀！

找到最直接的导致环境污染的问题，就是增加“an increase”只有增加使用才可以导致环境问题，肥料本身和使用都不行，因为都不能达到量大，然后到达环境污染

like可以举例……their只能指代名词， In many parts of the world是介词短语，怎可能被指代，their只能指代前面出现过的复数名词，fertilizers，找指代应该是往前找能符合代词逻辑意思和语法规则的名词