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题库 / Prep2007E1-CR-1
Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite. Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure, this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?
Confirming that the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.
Some fullerenes have also been found on the remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.
The mineral shungite itself contains large amounts of carbon, from which the fullerenes apparently formed.
The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
Shungite itself is formed only under distinctive conditions.
我觉得这个推理结构是类比推理。
前提：在Lab和nature都发现了F这个物质
结论：我们可以通过对F在Lab合成的环境条件研究来推测Earth's crust上的F所需环境条件
本题是weaken, 因此只要说明两个F其实不一样问题就解决了。
D. The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
明确地指出F在Nature和lab两处形成的structure 明显的不一样，( previously unknown表示lab中的不是这种结构)
因此，在两者结构不一样时，我们不能将两者合成的环境继续roughly类比下去
因此，这种情况下逻辑链断裂，原结论不成立，D为正确答案。
谢谢！懂了！！
谢谢！懂了！哇这个D的逻辑我自己看中文都没想通233关键是previously unknown推出实验室/自然中的不一样
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MARK.类比推理
类比 lab & wild fullerenes 找不同
A无关 B提到some fullerences特殊情况？ C/E Mineral shungite
我觉得这个推理结构是类比推理。
前提：在Lab和nature都发现了F这个物质
结论：我们可以通过对F在Lab合成的环境条件研究来推测Earth's crust上的F所需环境条件
本题是weaken, 因此只要说明两个F其实不一样问题就解决了。
D. The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
明确地指出F在Nature和lab两处形成的structure 明显的不一样，( previously unknown表示lab中的不是这种结构)
因此，在两者结构不一样时，我们不能将两者合成的环境继续roughly类比下去
因此，这种情况下逻辑链断裂，原结论不成立，D为正确答案。
bingo~
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这是一个什么题型？方案？类比？因果？求解啊！
类比。
寻找lab中合成的东西和nature产生的东西的区别
类比推理 => 寻找lab中合成的东西和nature产生的东西的区别
fullerenes 要求特别温度和湿度 结论：this discovery可以检测state of the earth's crust at the time fullerenes were formed. 正确答案作用：此discovery对于检测the state of Earth's crust at the time fullerenes没有用
因为：Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure
结果： this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.
Shungite---irrelevant
in any case, this is all a non-issue, because the formation of shungite is irrelevant.
the passage states that fullerenes were found in cracks inside the shungite, but that has no relationship to the formation of the shungite. for all we know, the shungite was already there for a billion years before the fullerenes formed inside it.
F物质最初是在实验室里发现的，但后来在自然界的某石头S的缝隙里也发现了F物质。
因为在实验室合成F物质需要特殊的温度和压力，所以能以此来推断自然界当年形成F物质的地质状况。
c选项是不是阐述的对象出现了不对？这个地方应该与shungite没有关系是吧？
原先选的b，想法是既然材料从太空来，所以是外来的，不能用来推测它的掉落地的地址情况，不知道为啥不能选
我也错选了B，但是后来想到：1.外太空的东西，文章没有说它跑到地球上来了 2.meteorite和airspace撞击时也会产生压力和温度，和实验室的是一样的 基于以上两点，并不能削弱文章的argument。
不知道我的想法有没有帮助到你呢
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这个是类比吧？d说明自然形成的和实验室合成的是有区别的是嘛？
是的。
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