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题库 / GMATLA-RC-114
In 1675, Louis XIV established the Parisian seamstresses' guild, the first independent all-female guild created in over 200 years. Guild members could make and sell women's and children's clothing, but were prohibited from producing men's clothing or dresses for court women. Tailors resented the ascension of seamstresses to guild status; seamstresses, meanwhile, were impatient with the remaining restrictions on their right to clothe women.
The conflict between the guilds was not purely economic, however. A 1675 police report indicated that since so many seamstresses were already working illegally, the tailors were unlikely to suffer additional economic damage because of the seamstresses' incorporation. Moreover, guild membership held very different meanings for tailors and seamstresses. To the tailors, their status as guild members overlapped with their role as heads of household, and entitled them to employ as seamstresses female family members who did not marry outside the trade. The seamstresses, however, viewed guild membership as a mark of independence from the patriarchal family. Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. At the conflict's center was the issue of whether tailors' female relatives should be identified as family members protected by the tailors' guild or as individuals under the jurisdiction of the seamstresses' guild.
It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following was true of seamstresses employed by relatives who were members of the tailors' guild?
They were instrumental in convincing Louis XIV to establish the seamstresses' guild.
They were rarely allowed to assist master tailors in the production of men's clothing.
They were considered by some tailors to be a threat to the tailors' monopoly.
They did not enjoy the same economic and legal privileges that members of the seamstresses' guild enjoyed.
They felt their status as working women gave them a certain degree of independence from the patriarchal family.
此讲解的内容由AI生成，还未经人工审阅，仅供参考。
正确答案是 D。因为原文提到，裁缝鞋匠们会在家里雇佣女性家庭成员做针线活，但这些人不能享受女裁缝鞋匠团成员享受的经济和法律权利。因此，D 选项符合原文内容，故选 D。
有两种seamstress，一种是tailor的女性家属并且被视作是tailor所雇佣的员工，另一种是seamstress协会的女性裁缝。前者被视为“附属”，而后者则被视为是独立的象征。
问题问前者的特点，故不是E，而是D。E是后者的特点
entitled them to employ as seamstresses female family members who did not marry outside the trade. The seamstresses, however, viewed guild membership as a mark of independence from the patriarchal family.
entitled后面是把employ female family members as seamstresses的语序改了，因为members who did...的定语部分太长。
也就是说tailor有权雇佣家庭成员作为seamstress，而seamstress认为她们是independence
Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. --> 由那些享有非同寻常的特权的独立女性组成，而不是家庭成员
whether tailors' female relatives should be identified as family members protected by the tailors' guild or as individuals under the jurisdiction of the seam-stresses' guild. --> 说明那些被tailor雇佣的家庭成员到底是tailor guild还是seamstress guild都还不清楚
综上：被tailor雇佣成seamstress不能享有unusual legal and economic privileges.-->D
这道题理解句子太重要了， To the tailors, ....... employ as seamstresses female family members who did not marry outside the trade，是倒装，并且这里是女裁缝和女裁缝协会没有关系，说tailor有能力雇佣亲属作为女裁缝。答案肯定是在和他形成对比的The seamstresses, however,....里面去找。women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges这项权利是女裁缝协会的人才享受的，而不是tailor雇佣的女裁缝享受的
问的是members of tailor's guild
错选E，定位——
1. but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges
2.as individuals under the jurisdiction of the seamstresses' guild.
所以和男裁缝有关系的女裁缝是区别于独立的女裁缝的，和男裁缝有关的是受tailors' guild保护，独立女裁缝才有legal and economic privileges。
有两种seamstress，一种是tailor的女性家属并且被视作是tailor所雇佣的员工，另一种是seamstress协会的女性裁缝。前者被视为“附属”，而后者则被视为是独立的象征。
问题问前者的特点，故不是E，而是D。E是后者的特点
Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges.
这句话是重点，说的是seamstresses和家庭无关，只和独立的女人有关。所以这些女人可以享受unusual legal and economic privileges，由于与家庭无关，那么relatives就不会享受到相同的待遇。
其实一开始会定位到tailor那几句话，但没有清晰表明relatives会被如何对待。 （kmf）
their status as guild members overlapped with their role as heads of household, and entitled them to employ as seamstresses female family…… The seamstresses, however, viewed guild membership as a mark of independence from the patriarchal family. Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges.
定位正确，但是理解错误。这里讲的是tailor在家庭中还是head 所以他们有权雇佣，而s显然是没有权利
做题的时候看的太快 family member 和后面的guild member是形成对比的，在guild中他们才有这些权利
Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges
seamstress 女裁缝师；原文定位 - Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges.
Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. 女裁缝协会并不是由家庭为单位，而是以享受着不同寻常的法律和经济特权的女性构成。
choice b, 这些被家庭雇佣的女裁缝们不允许协助男裁缝去缝制男装。-> 没法得到
这里有两种S：一个是题目的S employed by relatives 和S in guild membership;
The seamstresses, however, viewed guild membership as a mark of independence from the patriarchal family. Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges
从这句可以看出，S in guild membership enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges， 所以另一种S就没有
错选E：应该是那些本来就属于seamstress guild的女性成员可以有一种不同寻常的经济和独立。
Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges.
Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. 定位此处
对应原文此处——Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges
E张冠李戴，原文说感到独立是说guild成员中的女裁缝，不是被男裁缝雇佣的女裁缝亲戚，题干问的是relatives
被男裁缝雇佣的女裁缝亲戚是不属于新成立的女性裁缝协会的，原文中说Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. 即女裁缝协会中的成员是就业unusual 特权的individual women
那些被亲戚 -这亲戚是tailor's guild members 雇佣的seamstress, 没有pure seamstress 所享有的那么多权利
D项定位：第一段最后seamstresses, meanwhile, were impatient with the remaining restrictions on their right to clothe women.
E项错误在于这是一个inference，原文第二段只是说The seamstresses, however, viewed guild membership as a mark of independence from the patriarchal family. Their guild was composed not of family units but of individual women who enjoyed unusual legal and economic privileges. 并没有说有没有独立，因为存在争论