Voters commonly condemn politicians for being insincere, but politicians often must disguise their true feelings when they make public statements. If they expressed their honest views—about, say, their party's policies—then achieving politically necessary compromises would be much more difficult. Clearly, the very insincerity that people decry shows that our government is functioning well.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines this reasoning?


Achieving political compromises is not all that is necessary for the proper functioning of a government.

Some political compromises are not in the best long-term interest of the government.

Voters often judge politicians by criteria other than the sincerity with which they express their views.

A political party's policies could turn out to be detrimental to the functioning of a government.

Some of the public statements made by politicians about their party's policies could in fact be sincere.

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考题讲解

情景：投票者总是会抱怨政客们不诚恳，但是政客们有时候必须掩藏自己的真实感受。如果他们表达了真实的感受，必要的政治调和将变得很困难。显然地，不诚恳表明政府运作良好。

推理：由于前提和结论讨论的不是一件事，并且结论是因，所以本题为果因推理。
顺序的因果逻辑：因为政府运作良好，所以政客们掩藏自己的真实感受（政治调和不困难）
（果）前提：政客们掩藏自己的真实感受（政治调和不困难）
（因）结论：政府运作良好

选题方式：果因推理有两个评估方向，简而言之，即，答案选项要么给“政客们掩藏自己的真实感受（政治调和不困难）”另一个原因，要么给出因果联系问题。

选项分析：

A选项： Correct. 达到政治调和不都是政府必要的合适运作。本选项直接指出了因和果的联系，属于CQ2：因果联系问题。

B选项：有些政治调和不是政府最大的长期利益。不是长期利益不代表不是政府运作良好的标志，即，运作良好与否和是否是长期利益没有关系。

C选项：投票者经常以诚恳之外的标准来判断政客。本选项和推理文段的因果无关。

D选项：一个政党的政策可能对政府的运作是有害的。本选项讨论的是一个政党的问题，不是政党调和，因此没有提及“果”。

E选项：有些政客关于他们政党政策的公众陈述可能是诚恳的。本选项没有提及推理文段的因果。

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