这道题首先定位要准确：第二段第一句。（而非第一段最后一句。）
其次，做题时没有看出来political loyalty是对political allegiance的改写；incorrectly assumed that women's party loyalty played a small role 是对underestimated the extent and significance的改写。Whig and Democratic party politics这种用后文中表示实际概念的词的出现，也是改写常用的方式。

E项错误选项设置的方式是：用第一段的话来混淆。用woman's rights movement来替换the antebellum period，而实际上两者不具备等价替换的关系。

搬运自GMATCLUB：

Split #1: "awarded" vs. "awarded with". The construction "awarded with" is idiomatically incorrect. We would just say Q was awarded the XYZ medal. (A) & (B) make this mistake and cannot be correct.

Split #2: idiom for recognition. The correct idiom here is "in recognition", not "for recognition". (B) & (D) make this mistake and cannot be correct.

That gets us down to (C) vs. (E), which is the hard part of this question. First, look at the way they both modify the name of the medal:
(C) the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation’s highest military award, ...
(E) the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation’s highest military award, ...
Choice (E) uses an appositive phrase. For more on this, see:
http://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... e-phrases/
This structure is very elegant and concise. By contrast, the "which" clause in (C) is a little longer. There's also a problem with verb tense. I realize the tense is the same as in the prompt, but the past tense makes it sound as if that medal WAS the nation's highest military award, but isn't anymore. Is this true? Was a new highest honor recently introduced to supersede this medal? Hmmm, this calls for outside knowledge, but it just seems unlikely that whatever the highest military honor was recently (in the 1990s) would be swapped out for something else. Not only is (C) longer and clunkier, but it also raises awkward questions about verb tense & implication that (E) sleekly avoids.
Both endings are acceptable ("long-overdue in recognition" vs. "in long-overdue recognition"), because we could reasonably say that either the medal or the recognition was overdue. The above discussion indicates why (E) is a superior answer, and the best answer here.
（帖子内也有人说 awarded with 在日常刊物中也能看到，只不过GMAC不认为它正确。）

要考虑一下是否有第三因会影响结论。

最后一句话，说明影响对象是Oil paintings。C项引到了别的对象上

结论：该做的手术不会少做。
B项说明误诊的都是不该做手术的。

我错选了E。E尽管说明了被误诊的人的情况，但是没有说明是否会影响到该做手术的人。

老师赚了800刀，37个学生每个人7paper，平均每paper多少钱，不要慌，看清问题就可以做出来

supplant 代替，取代

consolidation = merger
eschew 避开

Telomerase is an enzyme that is produced only in cells that are actively dividing.
➡️ telomerase 只在分裂旺盛的细胞中才会产生，但不代表所有分裂旺盛的细胞中都会产生telo
➡️可能有的分裂旺盛的细胞，因为其他的限制原因没有产生telo ➡️ B选项错

presuming that 可以当if用，所以 such life forms having left fossil traces to begin with 不是一个完整的句子

particular proposal, if implemented, would ultimately succeed in achieving its intended result
➡️ 如果农民们用了新的农业技术，雨林会不会真的得到保护？（土地的生产力会不会增加？农民对土地的需求会不会减少？）

brain trust 智囊团
in large meaure = to a great extent 很大程度上
B. they are in large mesaure responsible for 很大程度上对xxx负责

rock plates 岩石层
friction 摩擦
grind 挤压，摩擦
drill holes 钻孔
fault 故障，断层
elevate 举高

A is indicative of B.
A代表/象征/意味着XXX

大家题目部分有一部分模糊吗还是只有我.....

C sth are shaped so smoothly...

parallelism

can accommodate 不等于真的accommodate了这么多人

题目中说anonymously prank ，所以如果能追查到踪迹，Prank会减少，所以A更佳

方案A：实施该方案会有坏处B
反驳：不实施该方案也会有坏处B