We've had some great discussion on this already, but let's see if we can break down HOW to answer this question in the quickest and easiest way we can! Before we dive in, here is the original question with the main differences between each option highlighted in orange:

Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(B) published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim
(E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

After taking a quick glance over the options, a few key differences stand out:

1. which was published / was published / published
2. and / as well as
3. brought / bringing

The best place to start is anything that will knock out either 2 or 3 answers right away, so let's work our way backwards on our list and start with #3: brought vs. bringing. This is clearly an issue with verbs, so let's determine which one is the best to use here.

To begin, we need to find the subject and verb. Here is the original sentence:

Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.

If we cross out all of the modifiers (and there are a few), we're left with this:

Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.

Once you take out the modifiers, which are mainly there to confuse readers, it's clear that the subject of the sentence is "The Color Purple." And what did The Color Purple do? It brought Alice Walker acclaim! Let's look over each option more carefully to figure out which ones use the right verb to match the subject. I'll still cross out any modifiers to help you see things more clearly.

(A) The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize --> OK
(B) The Color Purple, published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize --> WRONG
("The Color Purple bringing" isn't the right verb.)
(C) The Color Purple, published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize --> OK
(D) The Color Purple, was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim --> WRONG
(While this does use the correct verb "brought," it also tries to add another verb "was published" inside a modifier, which is a big no-no because it creates a comma splice! So, let's rule this one out too.)
(E) The Color Purple, was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim --> WRONG
(This one is wrong because it uses the incorrect "bringing" and it has a comma splice before "was published.")

We can eliminate options B, D, & E because they use the wrong verbs or have comma splices. Now that we're left with only 2 options to choose from, let's tackle #2 on our list: as well as vs. and.

Whenever we see the word "both" joining two objects, those two objects MUST be joined by the word and:

Both X and Y = CORRECT
Both X as well as Y = WRONG

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize

There you go - option C is the correct choice because it uses the correct verb "brought" and uses the idiom "both X and Y" correctly!

收音机数量没有增加，所以听众没有增加
A：RDS的电台范围没有扩大。（取非，否则可能其他范围的人听到了，人数可能上升）
C：装备了RDS不会减少电台 的范围。取非，如果减少范围了，那听众可能还是没有增加，甚至可能减少，支持了原结论。

He was killed by using knife.这个句子里using没有逻辑主语，介宾通常就是没有逻辑主语的，不同于伴随状语。
He was killed by using knife by a robber，不佳，robber作为by doing的逻辑主语，应该处于一条顺行的逻辑链上，
By using knife, a robber killed him. using的逻辑主语是robber，kill的主语也是robber，逻辑链顺畅。
By using knife, he was killed by a robber.using的逻辑主语是robber，be killed的逻辑主语是he，逻辑链拧成了麻花，复杂化了而且不利于解意。

为什么expect的约束力强呢？我期望了之后，不一定导致事情发生吧

now that现在已经

看了一遍，个人感觉所有对A选项解释的都牵强。
从语感上来讲，我更认为A中的last是表示上一年的，去年的，省略的是last后面的prices或last ones。 而不是省略了they were这些。而所谓的比较对象是this year和last year这种说法肯定是错的。than前面的主语是价格，那么比较的只能是这一年的价格和上一年的价格。

主语是A mutual fund， 单数

新生老鼠通常不摄入任何物质，除了它们母亲的乳汁。
大麻素是哺乳动物的乳汁中唯一能刺激食欲的物质。
新生老鼠的母亲通常不会努力去鼓励它们的孩子进食。
如果哺乳动物的乳汁中不含有大麻素，那么它的营养价值就会降低。
阻止大麻素刺激大脑受体的化学物质并不能独立抑制食欲。

C选项一个细节，是被延长的最低刑期 在10年前就开始实施。正呼应了文中第一句是过去5年间，监狱中人口增长了。

出题人处女座。

What might be preventing higher productivity growth? 这句暗示了产力不足

红酒消费的差异在逐渐减少，但是心脏病发病率的差异没有缩小。

C 强调了美国喝红酒的人多了，是证明了红酒消费差距小。但是没解释为什么心脏病发病率差异还是没缩小。
E 法国大量年轻人不消费红酒，是证明了红酒消费差距小。同时指出心脏病发病率到中年之后才体现，所以解释了 the lack of convergence。（两国的心脏发病率差异还是很大）

文章主旨讨论IT 会不会造成competitive advantage。传统观点认为会，然而 在service sectors, productivity 上有个新finding，根据这个新finding 进行解释。
得出结论是that competitive advantages do not arise from easily replicated resources, no matter how impressive or economically valuable they may be, but from complex, intangible resources.

答案明显有误

svo, doing C选项为什么不能后面是表示前面事情的结果呢？还有B选项their companies和后面的 they 所指代的一个是企业家一个是企业，不是双重指代问题吗？

gel 在这里不是胶的意思，而是喷雾

这老师的解释竟然是D选项ultimate attempt 和 ultimate goal没什么区别。ultimate attempt是最终的尝试，意思是之前已经尝试过其它手段，都不 奏效。ultimate goal是最终目的，是本题原意。所以看到ultimate attempt D选项就是错的了。

我觉得很多题很多选项解释都有问题，大家自己注意点看吧。

没看出来是同位语
1.句子结构，C没有谓语，A的which后面缺少主语谓语，AC错
2.平行，A的动词不平行，A错
3.句意推理，extend的逻辑主语应该是highway而不是system，B错
extend后面接adverb/preposition/distance时，是不及物动词，无被动语态，D错
4.简洁，D的being表达不简洁，而且伴随状语句意错误。D错

实验的对象没有达到控制变量原则，所以实验的结果不可靠，不能够证明结论说冥想效果好

I have less money in Feb than in Jan.

I have less money in Feb than in Jan.