Extensive research has shown that the effects of short-term price promotions on sales are themselves short-term. Companies' hopes that promotions might have a positive aftereffect have not been borne out for reasons that researchers have been able to identify. A price promotion entices only a brand's long-term or "loyal" customers; people seldom buy an unfamiliar brand merely because the price is reduced. They simply avoid paying more than they have to when one of their customary brands is temporarily available at a reduced price. A price promotion does not increase the number of long-term customers of a brand, as it attracts virtually no new customers in the first place. Nor do price promotions have lingering aftereffects for a brand, even negative ones such as damage to a brand's reputation or erosion of customer loyalty, as is often feared.
So why do companies spend so much on price promotions? Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them. And the bigger the increase in sales at promotion prices, the bigger the loss. While short-term price promotions can have legitimate uses, such as reducing excess inventory, it is the recognizable increase in sales that is their main attraction to management, which is therefore reluctant to abandon this strategy despite its effect on the bottom line.
The passage suggests that evidence for price promotions' "effect on the bottom line" (see highlighted text) is provided by
the lack of lingering aftereffects from price promotions
the frequency with which price promotions occur
price promotions' inability to attract new customers
price promotions' recognizable effect on sales
the legitimate uses to which management can put price promotions
此讲解的内容由AI生成,还未经人工审阅,仅供参考。
正确答案是 D:Price promotions recognizable effect on sales。
这是因为文章中指出,价格促销对销售量的影响是比较明显的,尽管价格促销本身并不会在长期内产生积极的效果,但它仍然吸引了许多短期客户。由此可以看出,价格促销是有明显影响的,因此D选项是正确选项。
bottom line都考……
1.DE的方向错了,潜台词应该是价格促销PP产生坏影响的证据
2.ABC其实都是,🥚AC首先不好成为evidence,其次文章没有像B一样明确提出可以通过这样的frequency来推测PP run at a loss
1Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them. 显然价格促销是亏本的,否则它(价格促销战略)应该会被经常使用
2While short-term price promotions can have legitimate uses, such as reducing excess inventory, it is the recognizable increase in sales that is their main attraction to management, which is therefore reluctant to abandon this strategy despite its effect on the bottom line. 尽管(while)价格促销有些许好处,但是长期可辨认的销售增长才是对管理的主要吸引,尽管(therefore)管理层不情愿(reluctant)放弃这个战略,即使这个战略(despite)对底线产生了(不好)影响。
3.什么样的证据能证明价格促销对底线产生影响-----底线(销售的长期可辨增长)----clearly PP run at loss----因为otherwise would be more
在利润表最后一行的数字是 净利润。
????其实我觉得应该是 Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them. And the bigger the increase in sales at promotion prices, the bigger the loss.这句话
然后我就觉得没有一个选项是对的……
神仙题
bottom line: the amount of money that is a profit or a loss after everything has been calculated损益表底线,即净损益
is provided by 指的是 导致effect on the bottom line 的原因,而不是让我们找这个不好的影响指的是什么。
原文:Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them.
开展价格促销活动是有成本的,否则公司会开展更多价格促销活动。
Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them.
开展价格促销活动是有成本的,否则公司会开展更多价格促销活动。
题目问的是:价格促销活动,会对“bottom line 有影响” 的依据是什么。
题目问的是以下哪个选项能提供对bottom line有影响这个argument的证据,而第二段前面解释了bottom line是盈亏平衡,影响是破坏了bottom line,也就是亏损,而前面说了越多价格促销亏损越多,因此选B是频率。关键在于判断bottom line 和effect分别是什么
is provided by 指的是 导致effect on the bottom line 的原因,而不是让我们找这个不好的影响指的是什么。
bottom line
(business 商) the amount of money that is a profit or a loss after everything has been calculated
• 最终赢利(或亏损);损益表底线:
»The bottom line for 2004 was a pre-tax profit of £85 million.
解题关键在bottom line上,在经济学中,bottom line专指净收益,意思等同于net income。根据原文reluctant to abandon this strategy despite its effect on the bottom line看出此处的effect应该是负面影响,也就是收益损失。知道这个意思后看选项哪个会对净收益产生负面影响。
Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them.
看不出逻辑时的做法:
【A,C不在定位点内】
【D,E是 管理层reluctant to abandon this strategy的证据】
排除后选B
定位句:
Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them.
开展价格促销活动是有成本的,否则公司会开展更多价格促销活动。
题目问的是:价格促销活动,会对“bottom line 有影响” 的依据是什么。
bottom line 就是盈亏平衡的底线,原文说了开展价格促销活动会增加成本,从而对bottom line影响;如果没有成本,那公司就会开展更多的价格促销活动,
所以价格促销活动的数量和频率 - loss 的变化 - bottom line的影响
【A,C出现在第一段,不在定位点内】
文章先说价格战一定是亏的,不然价格战的频率一定要比现在多。在此assumption上说促销越多,亏的越多,但是管理层不愿意放弃这种促销策略是因为促销能带来sales的直接上升,尽管这亏本的促销是影响(做买卖的)底限(即收入要至少等于成本,即有利润,即the bottom line)的
question: 题目问什么能证明价格战是影响底限(利润)的? 很明显是促销的频率(因为如果不影响利润,价格战的频率会更高)
Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them.
bottom line不是盈亏平衡线啊。。。。学过财务的应该知道 是指净利润 或者在这道题目里面可以理解为收入减成本
价格促销对盈亏平衡的影响的证据?
Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them.