In an attempt to improve the overall performance of clerical workers, many companies have introduced computerized performance monitoring and control systems(CPMCS)that record and report a worker's computer-driven activities. However, at least one study has shown that such monitoring may not be having the desired effect. In the study, researchers asked monitored clerical workers and their supervisors how assessments of productivity affected supervisors ratings of worker's performance. In contrast to unmonitored workers doing the same work, who without exception identified the most important element in their jobs as customer service, the monitored workers and their supervisors all responded that productivity was the critical factor in assigning ratings. This finding suggested that there should have been a strong correlation between a monitored worker's productivity and the overall rating the worker received. However, measures of the relationship between overall rating and individual elements of performance clearly supported the conclusion that supervisors gave considerable weight to criteria such as attendance, accuracy, and indications of customer satisfaction. It is possible that productivity may be a "hygiene factor"; that is, if it is too low, it will hurt the overall rating. But the evidence suggests that beyond the point at which productivity becomes "good enough", higher productivity per se is unlikely to improve a rating.


According to the passage, a "hygiene factor" (highlight text) is an aspect of a worker's performance that


has no effect on the rating of a worker's performance

is so basic to performance that it is assumed to be adequate for all workers

is given less importance than it deserves in rating a worker's performance

is not likely to affect a worker's rating unless it is judged to be inadequate

is important primarily because of the effect it has on a worker's rating

考题讲解

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答案是 D。因为文章说明,生产力可能是一个卫生因素,也就是说,如果它太低,就会影响整体评价;但证据表明,除了生产力足够好外,更高的生产力本身不太可能提高评价。

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